Review Sheet for Anatomy and Physiology Exercie 38
R East 5 I Due east W Proper noun ____________________________________ LAB TIME/DATE _______________________ Southward H E E T Exercise 38 Beefcake of the Digestive System General Histological Plan of the Gastrointestinal tract 1. The full general anatomical features of the comestible culvert are listed beneath. Fill up in the table to complete the data. Subdivisions of the layer (if applicable) Wall layer mucosa submucosa muscularis externa serosa or adventitia Major functions epithelium, lamina propria, (non applicable) ecretion, assimilation protection protection, vascular supply for mucosa churning, mixing protection, anchoring circular and longitudinal (not applicable) Organs of the Gastrointestinal tract 2. The tubelike digestive system canal that extends from the mouth to the anus is known every bit the culvert or the digestive tract. it has an innermost layer that runs obliquely comestible 3. How is the muscularis externa of the stomach modified? ____________________________________________________________ ______________________________________ How does this modification chronicle to the function of the stomach? lets the stomach nine, churn and move food along trac while breaking information technology down and mixing it in gastric juices ____________________________________________________________ _______________________________________ squamous cells in the esophagus to columna 4. What transition in epithelial type exists at the gastroesophageal junction? in the gastric mucosa ____________________________________________________________ ______________________________________ simple columnar absorb. How exercise the epithelia of these two organs chronicle to their specific functions? Stratified squamous protect ____________________________________________________________ _______________________________________ five. Differentiate between the colon and the large intestine. large intestine extend from the ileocecal valve to the anus, bu the colon is divided into the ascending, descending, sigmoid colon ____________________________________________________________ ______________________________________ 259 6. Match the items in cavalcade B with the descriptive statements in column A. Column A fifty y o c north due west h d b southward h p i five e j ten b 5 k t r u f z y a g , t one. two. 3. iv. , 5 half dozen. 7. construction that suspends the small intestine from the posterior body wall fingerlike extensions of the intestinal mucosa that increment the surface surface area for absorption big collections of lymphoid tissue found in the submucosa of the small intestine deep folds of the mucosa and submucosa that extend completely or partially effectually the ircumference of the pocket-sized intestine 5. regions that break down foodstuffs mechanically mobile organ that manipulates food in the mouth and initiates swallowing conduit for both air and food y , 8. 3 structures continuous with and representing modifications of the peritoneum the "gullet"; no digestive/absorptive function Column B a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. j. chiliad. 50. anus appendix round folds esophagus frenulum greater omentum hard palate haustra ileocecal valve large intestine lesser omentum mesentery ix. 10. olds of the gastric mucosa 11. 12. thirteen. sacculations of the big intestine projections of the plasma membrane of a mucosal epithelial cell valve at the junction of the small and large intestines m. microvilli due north. o. p. q. r. s. t. u. v. oral crenel parietal peritoneum Peyer's patches throat pyloric valve rugae pocket-sized intestine soft palate stomach 14. primary region of food and h2o absorption fifteen. membrane securing the tongue to the floor of the mouth 16. absorbs water and forms feces 17. 18. xix. twenty. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. rea between the teeth and lips/cheeks wormlike sac that outpockets from the cecum initiates protein digestion structure attached to the lesser curvature of the stomach organ distal to the tum valve controlling food movement from the stomach into the duodenum posterosuperior boundary of the oral cavity location of the hepatopancreatic sphincter through which pancreatic secretions and bile pass serous lining of the intestinal cavity wall principal site for the synthesis of vitamin K by microorganisms region containing two sphincters through which feces are expelled from the trunk bone-supported anterosuperior boundary of the oral cavity . tongue x. y. z. vestibule villi visceral peritoneum 260 Review Sheet 38 vii. Correctly identify all organs depicted in the diagram oral crenel paratoid gland rima oris sublingual gland throat submanibulargland esphogus gall bladder liver hepatic portal region cystic duct bile duct hepatic pancreatic sphincter accompaniment pancreatic duct hepatic flexure jejunum ascending colon ileum rectum illiocecal vavle anal canal cecum appendix anus transverse colon decsending colon sigmond colon pancreas cardiac sphincter pyllitic sphincter Review Canvass 38 261 8. You have studied the histological structure of a number of organs in this laboratory.
Three of these are diagrammed below. Identify and correctly label each. (a) ____________________(b) ________________________(c) ____________________ Accessory Digestive Organs 9. Correctly label all structures provided with leader lines in the diagram of a molar beneath. (Note: Some of the terms in the cardinal for question 10 may exist helpful in this task. ) enamel dentin crown pulp cavity gum Cervix periodontal ligament Bone root cementum rooteneal Blood vessels and nerves in lurid 262 Review Sail 38 10. Use the key to identify each tooth surface area described below. c b eastward f j p g j a 1. isible portion of the tooth in situ 2. material covering the tooth root 3. hardest substance in the body 4. attaches the tooth to bone and surrounding alveolar structures 5. portion of the tooth embedded in bone half-dozen. forms the major portion of tooth construction; similar to os 7. produces the dentin 8. site of blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatics 9. unabridged portion of the molar covered with enamel ; the number of permanent teeth is Primal: a. b. c. d. east. f. g. h. i. j. 32 anatomical crown cementum clinical crown dentin enamel gingiva odontoblast periodontal ligament pulp root . 20 11.
In the human, the number of deciduous teeth is 2,1,2,3 12. The dental formula for permanent teeth is ii ii,1,2,3 Explicate what this means. two incisors, 1 canine, 2 premolars and 3 molars on upper teeth. 2 incisors, 1 canine, two premolars and 3 molars on upper teeth. multiple past two two,1,0,2 What is the dental formula for the deciduous teeth? 2,1,0,2 13. What teeth are the "wisdom teeth"? the tertiary set of molars 2 20 14. Diverse types of glands form a role of the alimentary tube wall or duct their secretions into it. Match the glands listed in column B with the function/locations described in column A. Column A a f i. 2. . 4. produce(s) mucus; found in the submucosa of the small-scale intestine produce(due south) a product containing amylase that begins starch breakup in the mouth produce(s) a whole spectrum of enzymes and an alkaline fluid that is secreted into the duodenum produce(s) bile that information technology secretes into the duodenum via the bile duct Column B a. b. c. d. east. f. duodenal glands gastric glands intestinal crypts liver pancreas salivary glands e d b c 5. produce(s) HCl and pepsinogen 6. found in the mucosa of the small intestine; produce(s) intestinal juice 15. Which of the salivary glands produces a secretion that is mainly serous? ublingual salviary gland Review Sheet 38 263 16. What is the function of the gallbladder? shop bile bile duct , 17. Name three structures always institute in the portal triad regions of the liver. portal venule and poral arteriole 18. Where would you lot expect to find the Kupffer cells of the liver? What is their function? within sinusoid walls they line the sinus' and remove bacteria plasma protiens nineteen. Why is the liver so dark red in the living animate being? 20. The pancreas has two major populations of secretory cells—those in the islets and the acinar cells. Which population serves the digestive process? acinar cells 264 Review Canvass 38
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